Talk:Speech therapy

RESOURCES

SOFTWARE

http://sci-hub.tw/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.07.003

WIKI ARTICLES

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prosody_(linguistics) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formant https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vocal_resonation https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timbre https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intonation_(linguistics) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isochrony

VOICE THERAPY PAPERS

MTF

https://sci-hub.tw/https:/Main_Page/doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.03.013 http://sci-hub.tw/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.07.018 http://sci-hub.tw/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.07.003

FTM

http://sci-hub.tw/10.1044/2017_JSLHR-S-16-0320 http://sci-hub.tw/https://doi.org/10.1111/andr.12278 http://sci-hub.tw/https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-015-3846-8 http://sci-hub.tw/10.1002/lary.24480

INTONATION

intonation ~ cadence

• The melodicity vs monotony of a voice

• mainly a rise and fall of pitch to communicate intention/attitude

• though also involving many concomitant features such as:

tone

average frequency

pitch-range;

min-max frequency*

volume

amplitude

dynamics

changes in amplitude

rythmicality

in/consistancy of isochronic patterns

tempo

Beats per minute (averaged)

VOCAL RANGE

   ///min max frequency of a vocal register (most commonly modal)
   
   average male: 65-260
   
   ambiguous overlap: 100-260
   
   average female: 100-525

REGISTER

   modal
   fry
   falsetto
   whistle 

FORMANT

   ///waveform interference between frequency components in a spectrograph (created by combining multiple resonances)
   
       (this is how vowels are constructed)
       
       EG.
       
       http://auditoryneuroscience.com/vocalizations-speech/two-formants
       

RESONANCE

   ///using different types of resonant vocal chambers to affect both the brightness and timbre
   
   head
   
   nasal
   
   mouth
   
   chest

BRIGHTNESS (/CONTRAST)

   ///brightness ~ spectral centroid

   EG.

   "nasal" resonance = bright ~ high centroid frequency

   "chest" resonance = dark ~ low centroid frequency

PITCH (HUE)

   ///pitch ~ fundamental frequency

   EG.

   high pitched ~ high fundamental frequency 

   low pitched ~ low fundamental frequency

       * (brightness/darkness can alter percieved pitch through overtones)

       * (volume can also affect percieved pitch [low~low high~high] to some degree)